Based on daily temperature, precipitation, wind speed and relative humidity data in Fanjing Mountain from 2011 to 2019, the main climatic factors affecting tourism activities were analyzed. The forecast models of tourism climate comfort index and tourism meteorological index were established according to the reality of tourism. The results are as follows: (1) Fanjing Mountain had the climate characteristics of “suitable temperature, abundant precipitation, rain and heat in the same period, high air humidity, average wind of breeze”. The average temperature, precipitation, wind speed and relative humidity in recent 9 years were 8.4 ℃, 2073.7 mm, 3.8 m·s-1 and 91%, respectively. (2) In recent 9 years, the average days with comfortable and above feeling were 206.9 d in Fanjing Mountain, in which the more comfortable period was from June to August, the comfortable period was from April to May and September to October, the less comfortable period was in March and November, the uncomfortable period was from December to February of the following year. (3) The forecast model of tourism meteorological index in Fanjing Mountain included four factors such as comfort, precipitation, cloud cover and severe weather, which took the comprehensive consideration of tourism safety, comfort and appreciation, and it was easy to calculate and reasonable. It was more suitable for the weather forecast and service of mountain tourism.

Based on the conventional observation data from ground weather stations, disaster situation and cloud images in the Qinghai Plateau from 2005 to 2016, the disastrous convective weathers were selected and classified. And on this basis the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of disastrous convection with different types and their relationship with topography were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) The disastrous convection in the Qinghai Plateau mainly included thunderstorm, short-time heavy precipitation, hail and mixed type during 2005-2016, and they distributed mostly in the east of the Qinghai Plateau. (2) Topography played a key role in the location, frequency and intensity of disastrous convection. Thunderstorms mostly occurred in mountainous areas, the short-time heavy precipitation and hail mainly occurred in windward slopes, river valleys and open lowlands. The predominant disastrous convections were the mixed type and hail in agricultural area of eastern Qinghai, the mixed in pastoral area of southern Qinghai and the short-time heavy precipitation in Qinghai Lake, Qilian Mountains and Qaidam Basin, respectively. (3) The disastrous convection over the Qinghai Plateau decreased in a fluctuating tendency during 2005-2016. The days and frequencies of disastrous convection were more from 2005 to 2010 (the earlier stage), and they decreased significantly from 2011 to 2016 (the later stage), while the annual variations characteristics of disastrous convection with different types were slightly different. The days of hail and thunderstorm were larger in the early stage and decreased significantly in the later stage. The change trend of mixed type and short-time heavy precipitation days wasn’t obvious, but the annual fluctuant range of the former was larger than that of the latter. (4) Disastrous convection mainly occurred from May to September in the Qinghai Plateau, and the monthly days and frequencies of disastrous convection with different types showed a typical single peak distribution. The peak of hail and mixed type days and frequencies was in August and that of thunderstorm days and frequencies was in June, while the peak of short-time heavy precipitation days and frequencies was in August and July, respectively. (5) Disastrous convection concentrated from 13:00 pm to 01:00 am in the next day, the hail and mixed types dominated at the peak stage (16:00-20:00), while the short-time heavy precipitation dominated in the nighttime.